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1.
Mundo saúde (Impr.) ; 47: e13622022, 2023.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1442738

ABSTRACT

Este é um estudo transversal avaliando estado nutricional e insegurança alimentar em uma comunidade vulnerável de Contagem, região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Um total de 273 indivíduos de 67 famílias foram avaliados. Para a avaliação antropométrica, determinou-se o peso, a estatura, o índice de massa corporal, a circunferência da cintura e a razão cintura-estatura. A insegurança alimentar foi analisada por meio da Escala Brasileira de Insegurança Alimentar. As concentrações de colesterol total, triglicerídeos, glicose e albumina sérica também foram determinadas. Das 67 famílias avaliadas, 51% (n = 34) apresentaram insegurança alimentar, sendo 79,4% leve, 17,7% moderada e 2,9% grave. Em crianças e adolescentes, sobrepeso e obesidade foram diagnosticados em 9,3% (n = 4) e 19,5% (n=16), respectivamente. Entre os adultos, 34,1% (n = 42) foram classificados com sobrepeso, 27,6% (n = 34) com obesidade grau I e 59,3% (n = 73) apresentaram risco aumentado de doenças cardiovasculares. Nos idosos, o excesso de peso foi diagnosticado em 44,0% (n = 11) e 80,0% (n = 20) apresentaram risco aumentado para doenças cardiovasculares. Hiperglicemia, hipercolesterolemia e hipertrigliceridemia foram diagnosticadas em 17, 45 e 72% da população, respectivamente. Houve correlação positiva entre os parâmetros antropométricos e bioquímicos, com exceção da albumina e glicose, que apresentaram correlação negativa em crianças e adultos. Nosso estudo confirma o impacto da vulnerabilidade social na ocorrência de elevadas proporções de insegurança alimentar, ocasionando alta prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade e risco aumentado para desordens cardiovasculares. Além disso, nossos achados endossam o uso de concentrações séricas de albumina como indicador de alterações no metabolismo da glicose.


This is a cross-sectional study evaluating nutritional status and food insecurity in a vulnerable community in Contagem, in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte. A total of 273 individuals from 67 families were evaluated. For the anthropometric assessment, weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio were determined. Food insecurity was analyzed using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and serum albumin concentrations were also determined. Of the 67 families evaluated, 51% (n = 34) had food insecurity, of which 79.4% were mild, 17.7% were moderate, and 2.9% were severe. In children and adolescents, overweight and obesity were diagnosed in 9.3% (n = 4) and 19.5% (n = 16), respectively. Among adults, 34.1% (n = 42) were classified as overweight, 27.6% (n = 34) had grade I obesity, and 59.3% (n = 73) had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In the elderly, overweight was diagnosed in 44.0% (n = 11), and 80.0% (n = 20) had an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia were diagnosed in 17, 45, and 72% of the population, respectively. There was a positive correlation between anthropometric and biochemical parameters, with the exception of albumin and glucose, which showed a negative correlation in children and adults. Our study confirms the impact of social vulnerability on the occurrence of high proportions of food insecurity, leading to a high prevalence of overweight and obesity and an increased risk for cardiovascular disorders. Furthermore, our findings support the use of serum albumin concentrations as an indicator of changes in glucose metabolism.

2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 53: e20190562, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | SES-SP, ColecionaSUS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1136886

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION Schistosomiasis is a poverty-related disease that affects people in 78 countries worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate the point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test performance using sensitive parasitological methods as a reference standard (RS) in individuals before and after treatment. METHODS The RS was established by combining the results of 16 Kato-Katz slides and the Helmintex® method. Positivity rates of the POC-CCA test and Kato-Katz and Helmintex® methods were calculated before treatment and 30 days afterward. Furthermore, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and kappa coefficient before treatment were determined by comparing the methods. The cure rate was defined 30 days after treatment. RESULTS Among the 217 participants, the RS detected a total of 63 (29.0%) positive individuals. The POC-CCA test identified 79 (36.4%) infections. The evaluation of POC-CCA test performance in relation to the RS revealed a sensitivity of 61.9%, specificity of 74.0%, accuracy of 70.5%, and kappa coefficient of 0.33. Out of the 53 remaining participants after treatment, a total of 45 (81.1%) showed egg negative results, and 8 (18.9%) were egg positive according to the RS. A total of 5 (9.4%) egg-positive and 37 (69.8%) egg-negative individuals were positive by the POC-CCA test. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that the POC-CCA test has potential as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infection, yielding better results than 16 Kato-Katz slides from three different stool samples. However, the immunochromatographic test lacks sufficient specificity and sensitivity for verifying the cure rate after treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Schistosoma mansoni/isolation & purification , Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnosis , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/urine , Sensitivity and Specificity , Antigens, Helminth/blood
3.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 50(6): 848-852, Nov.-Dec. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041439

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study analyzed the performance of the Kato Katz technique in detecting intestinal schistosomiasis in the State of Pará. METHODS: Of three stool samples provided by each of 380 participants, a total of 16 Kato Katz slides were examined to define the reference value (RV) of positives for comparisons. RESULTS: The RV revealed 37 (9.7%) infected participants in contrast to 10 (2.6%) according to a single slide. CONCLUSIONS: This significant underestimation of the infection rate gives reason to discuss if the current classification of prevalence levels reflects the real situation, principally in low transmission areas, like the Amazon region.


Subject(s)
Humans , Schistosomiasis mansoni , Feces/parasitology , Parasite Egg Count , Reference Values , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Prevalence , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 38(4): 310-315, jul.-ago. 2005. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-411503

ABSTRACT

Angiostrongilíase abdominal é uma zoonose causada pelo Angiostrongylus costaricensis, nematódeo que se localiza no interior de vasos mesentéricos. Nosso objetivo foi de abordar vários aspectos da história natural da parasitose, num estudo longitudinal clínico-sorológico. Um total de 179 indivíduos residentes em área rural no sul do Brasil, com transmissão ativa, foram seguidos por cinco anos. Neste período foram registradas prevalências de 28,2%, 4,2%, 10%, 20,2% e 2,8% e incidências de 0%, 5,9%, 8% e 1,5%. Tanto o sexo masculino quanto o feminino foram afetados com maiores frequências na faixa etária dos 30 aos 49 anos. Em 32 indivíduos, amostras de soro foram coletadas em todas as etapas e a reatividade de IgG detectada por ELISA foi variável e geralmente não persistindo mais do que um ano. Alguns padrões individuais foram sugestivos de re-infecção. Não houve associação com a ocorrência nem de dor abdominal nem com outras enteroparasitoses e não houve nenhum caso com diagnóstico confirmado (histopatológico) da infecção. Moluscos foram encontrados portando larvas infectantes de terceiro estadio, em algumas moradias, com uma prevalência geral de 16% e baixas cargas parasitárias. Em conclusão, a angiostrongilíase abdominal no sul do Brasil pode ser uma infecção frequente, porém com baixa morbidade e reatividade sorológica de gradual declínio.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/immunology , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology , Strongylida Infections/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Gastrointestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Gastrointestinal Diseases/parasitology , Incidence , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Longitudinal Studies , Mollusca/parasitology , Prevalence , Rural Population , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Strongylida Infections/diagnosis
5.
Parasitol. latinoam ; 59(1/2): 8-13, Ene. 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-383503

ABSTRACT

La respuesta inmune hacia componentes de bajo peso molecular del antígeno somático de A. costaricensis fue investigada en el modelo animal experimental. Durante la fase crónica de la infección y mediante el Western blot, son detectados por la IgG e IgG1 tres antígenos inmunodominantes: uno de 20 otro de 15 y uno de 2 kDa respectivamente. Mediante el método de digestión de Edmann se obtuvo la secuencia de aminoácidos inicial de cada componente: para la banda de 15 kDa una secuencia con un 100 por ciento de homología con la enzima glutation-S-transferasa de Brugia malayi y Onchocerca volvulus, para el componete de 2kDa una secuencia con 95 por ciento de homología con la proteína Ubiquitina, y para el compontente de 20 kDa una secuencia de trece aminoácidos, que no presenta homología con alguna proteína hasta ahora descrita. En general la reacción cruzada contra estos componentes es muy débil y en el caso particular del componente de 20 kDa no se detecta ninguna reacción cruzada. Se proponen futuros estudios con sueros humanos, para verificar la utilidad de dichos antígenos en el desarrollo de una prueba diagnóstica específica para la angiostrongiliosis abdominal.


Subject(s)
Mice , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/isolation & purification , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/immunology , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Molecular Weight , Strongylida Infections , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
6.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 96(4): 515-518, May 2001. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-285558

ABSTRACT

Angiostrongylus costaricensis may cause intestinal lesions of varied severity when it accidentally infects man in Central and South America. First-stage larvae have never been detected in stools. Therefore, a parasite-specific IgG ELISA was evaluated for the determination of the acute phase of infection. The specificity and the sensitivity of the immunoassay was shown to be 76.2 percent and 91.1 percent, respectively. Eight serum samples taken from patients with histopathological diagnosis, at different time points (3 to 15 months) after surgical treatment, showed a sharp and early decline in antibody reactivity. The titration of anti-A. costaricensis antibodies has proved to be a useful method for the diagnosis of acute abdominal angiostrongyliasis


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Antibodies, Helminth/isolation & purification , Immunoglobulin G/isolation & purification , Intestines/parasitology , Strongylida Infections/immunology , Acute Disease , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Sensitivity and Specificity , Strongylida Infections/diagnosis
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